Espiritualidade e religiosidade nos cuidados paliativos: um olhar da logoterapia e análise existencial.

Abstract

In the context of Palliative Care, a field of care focused on the promotion of quality of life and symptom control in the treatment of potentially life threatening diseases, which considers the physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions in conducting treatment by a multiprofessional team. contact with or near death can disrupt individual, family, and caregiver balance. In this context, many people seek the necessary support in spirituality or religiosity, understanding spirituality as the search for meaning in life and religiosity as a way of representing this spirituality, based on Viktor Frankl's vision and Logotherapy and Analysis. Existential Therefore, from a phenomenological perspective, this thesis sought to understand how spirituality and religiosity are experienced by patients and health professionals from a palliative care unit. The study was conducted in the city of João Pessoa-PB, in a Palliative Care Unit of a philanthropic public hospital. A semistructured and individual interview was conducted based on guiding questions regarding the experience of spiritual and religious care for eight patients and seven professionals from the palliative unit. The interview data were analyzed by Amedeo Giorgi's phenomenological qualitative strategy. The units of meaning apprehended in the interviews with patients were: Religiosity, Experience of spiritual and religious care in interpersonal relationships; Spirituality Beyond Religion and Negative Experiences Associated with Religious Beliefs. And for the professionals were: Religious practices; Religiosity as cultural and family influences; Spirituality and religiosity as distinct phenomena; Spiritual and religious care; Limitations to spiritual and religious care. New possibilities of attention to spirituality and religiosity in Palliative Care were proposed, from the interface of the senses analyzed. The possibility of spiritual and religious care thought out, by the responsibility of a joint work of the palliative team, brings as a starting point the total reception of the patient and his family, in the recollection of their life and clinical history and their perception of meaning in life. . Thereafter, the patient's therapeutic planning is outlined and should be routinely monitored and reviewed. Coupled with this approach to care, other strategies are also promoted, such as: continuing training in clinical meetings,systematic follow-up of voluntary religious groups and support groups for professionals involved in palliation. The fruits of this thesis contributed to the existing literature on studies on spirituality and health and palliative care, as well as the implementation of total care that should be offered in palliative care, promoting better quality of care and support to palliative teams.