Requisitos de desempenho de edificações habitacionais e o custo de construção: estudo de casos – projetos de referência SINDUSCON R1-B e SINAPI R1_2B_43C_2017

Abstract

Important changes have marked the building sector over the last decades, including the topic performance, contemplated in the design and execution decisions of residential units. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the relationship between specifications that conform to the performance levels predicted by Performance Standard (ND) – (M), (I), and (S) – and the respective construction cost and the analysis of the behavior of construction cost references between 2007 and 2021. For evaluation purposes, data related to the variation of CUB, SINAPI, INCC, and other economic indices were analyzed. Also, the specifications of R1-B (SINDUSCON) and R1_2B_43C_2017 (SINAPI) projects were analyzed as to their potential of meeting the ND requirements and the increase in costs in order to achieve levels (I) and (S), when applicable. This analysis showed that concerning CUB-RS, the average accumulated percentage of residential types represents 101.86%, while for SINAPI-RS it represents 85.74% and, for INCC-M, 93.25%. Compared to the IPCA, in the same period, the accumulated percentages represent ratios equal to 1.33, 1.12, and 1.21, respectively. R1-B and R1_2B_43C-2017 projects did not have their specifications updated after the ND came into effect. The R1-B project presents divergences between the components of its basic production parcel (which enables the formation of cost) and the characterization of building blocks. In the context of the two projects, it can be concluded that the requirements contemplated in the DN are met, or have the potential to be met, for the most part. In addition, it's possible to achieve level (I) or (S) based on changes in the technical configurations of the walls, frames, roof, and internal floor, especially to meet the topics of Thermal Performance, Acoustic Performance, Durability, and Maintainability. Regarding the estimated cost increase to meet the performance at level (S), the simulations indicate that, for the R1- B project, the corresponding value is R$ 15,241.60 and, for the R1_2B_43C_2017 project, this value is R$ 14,911.51. When considering this amount against the C1 cost scenario (R$ 215,000.00), the increase corresponds to 7.09% and 6.94%, respectively. When considering them against scenario 2 (R$ 240,286.97 for R1-B and R$ 226,504.09 for R1_2B_43C_2017), the increase corresponds to 5.48% and 5.76%, respectively.