Controle dinâmico inteligente para reguladores de tensão de redes de distribuição de energia

Abstract

The electricity generation, transmission, and distribution play a role key in the economic development of a country. The quality and availability of electricity related to distribution has a direct impact on the economy and people's quality of life. Concepts of smart grids has gained more strength in order to improve the quality of services provided. Steady-state voltage is one of the main quality parameters of electrical power in distribution grids and often its control requires solutions of high complexity and investment. Out-of-specification voltage have negative impacts on end-users, as it can cause damage to equipment, outage in key services, and inconvenience to community. In this way, the present work seeks to develop a prototype of intelligent and dynamic control applied to distribution voltage regulators with the ability to collect information of the feeder consumption profile, perform the self-tuning of its parameters and send information to supervisory system. The prototype divided into a control and fuzzy modules was developed on a laboratory scale. Based on loader readings, the device is able to calculate the basic parameters of self-adjustment, ie time delay, dead band and line drop compensation. The overall results of this work show that the development of a dynamic and smart control for step voltage regulators is feasible and can be applied in real distribution grid. The calculation of the time delay, reference voltage, line drop compensation improves the voltage profile of a distribution grid, as it minimizes voltage variations at low and high line loading, according to tests performed with data from a real feeder. It is understood that the overall results of this work serve as a basis for a technical-economic study to extend this control structure to other step voltage regulators in distribution grids.