Avaliação de lixiviação de cromo em monólito de cerâmica vermelha por imersão e irrigação

Abstract

The use of hazardous waste in products constructive, technique known as stabilization by solidification (E/S), requires a thorough knowledge of its composition, technical and economic viability, and environmental assessment along the use and post-use of the product. When it comes to assessment of E/S product's during the phase of use, Brazil does not have an appropriate procedure to consider the physical characteristics of the sample and the scenario that encapsulated residue is exposed. The objective of this research is to evaluate the leaching of total chromium (Cr) in red ceramic monoliths during the use phase, by immersion and irrigation. Samples were prepared with addition of 0.05% chromium III oxide (Cr2O3), besides samples reference (without addition Cr2O3). Based on the pluviometric regime in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre/RS, it was developed two methods for leaching to assess the effectiveness of E/S: immersion test and irrigation test. The first was carried out in order to simulate a hostile environment in a situation of long contact between the ceramic and the leachant and the second to a condition of exposure to acid rain or cycles of wetting and drying, allowing the assessment of the environmental performance of the material. A E/S Cr in red ceramic was above 99.90%. In samples with addition of Cr2O3 was leached 0.1243 ppm total Cr from immersion test, 0,01183 ppm from the irrigation test and 0.023 ppm in the standard leaching test of the Brazilian environmental standard for solid waste. The two forms of assessment the leachingin of total chromium in red ceramic monoliths during the use phase, proposal in this study, showed low coefficient of variation e technical answer in 28 days, exhibited the phenomenon of diffusion and differentiated themselves in their scenarios.