A governança voltada ao sistema do pequeno agricultor: a estruturação jurídica para a tomada de decisão quanto ao uso de pesticidas

Abstract

This study aims to systematize a governance proposal so that small farmers can use pesticides responsibly. For this, it faced the problem of pesticide use based on the following question that guided the investigation: How could small farmers use pesticides responsibly? The initial hypothesis is that governance can contribute to improving the culture of responsibility in the use of pesticides by small farmers. As a general objective, the research intends to contribute to the Sustainable Development systematized in the 2030 Agenda. In the development of the research, as specific objectives, in chapter (i) it was sought to map the historical concept of the small farmer and family farming and the legal construction of definition of the small farmer; in chapter (ii) the objective was to demonstrate the problem of the use of pesticides without responsibility and respective environmental impacts, passing through the conceptualization of pesticides and their classification, their importance for agriculture and the risks arising from their use; and, in chapter (iii) the objective was to present the education system based on governance as an inclusive factor of responsibility of the small farmer in the use and application of pesticides through systemic thinking as an understanding of the universe of the small farmer for a selfregulation focused on the use of pesticides to promote sustainable development. As research findings, the historical process of family farming for survival still prevailed over the development of agriculture and, therefore, the use of pesticides, in excess, would be linked to the lack of culture of small farmers about of the impacts of its activities, as well as the share of environmental responsibility. From the confirmation of the research hypothesis, it is that, in the end, an educational booklet for governance in the use and application of pesticides for small farmers is presented as a rigorous research result. The research methodology applied the inductive method, because it started from the particular analysis of the phenomenon, but with a general scope, allowing anyone to replicate the results after experiencing the same problems. The research techniques include a bibliographic review and data collect and analysis.