| dc.description.abstract | The first references to environmental issues in buildings of cultural interest appear after
the oil crisis, in the 70s of the last century, showing that the concern with interventions in this type of buildings, aiming at user comfort and energy efficiency, is not such a recent issue. The reduction in energy availability and the new demands for energy efficiency brought the need to evaluate the ability of these buildings to conserve energy, also considering the improvement of their thermal performance. On the other hand, there is concern that in architectural heritage, many measures may result in inappropriate changes to important architectural aspects or cause serious damage to the materiality of the building. In this way, requalification strategies are discussed that achieve thermal performance and energy savings with minimal alteration of the buildings, through the use of materials that do not cause damage and that represent a reliable economic investment. The problem is not limited to introducing new materials, equipment and systems in buildings of cultural interest, but respecting the significance, integrity, authenticity and also the reversibility of the intervention, fundamental principles of the theory of restoration
of architectural heritage, prescribed in charters and international conventions, in order to
safeguard the elements that give it value. In this context, the main goal of the research is to propose strategies for the requalification of residential architectural heritage in Rio Grande do Sul with a view to thermal performance and energy efficiency. The work method categorizes the architectural heritage in the context of the occupation of the territory of Rio Grande do Sul, defining the case studies. Different rehabilitation strategies are proposed for the interventions: floor and subfloor insulation, roof insulation, wall insulation and strategies related to openings. All were submitted to a quantitative evaluation, through computer simulations, and a qualitative evaluation, through the application of questionnaires to researchers in the area of historical heritage. The results, for each case study, showed which strategies had better thermal performance, energy efficiency and greater heritage compatibility. Next, a mechanism for
weighting the evaluations was presented, which pointed out the most appropriate strategies,
providing the creation of a simulation model, for each case study, combining these strategies,
whose results showed significant reductions in energy consumption. The most appropriate
requalification strategies can be incorporated into norms and manuals for intervention in
buildings of cultural interest. | en |
