Os fios que tecem o coração partido: compreensão fenomenológica hermenêutica da experiência de sofrimento em-situação de rompimento do par amoroso.

Abstract

The overall objective of this research was to understand the experience of suffering that accompanies the breakup of the loving couple in the light of assumptions of Martin Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenology. At first, I contextualized the phenomenon conceptualized as mourning, this being the comprehensive possibility for which traditional understandings related to significant loss are directed, based on the question of the way of being of this entity we are, the Dasein; I problematized the experience of the loving couple in their historical determinations, in view of the transience character of all our possibilities of being; and, finally, I tried to understand the relationship between the loss of the loving couple and existential suffering in the dialogue with the the experiences of the collaborators who weaved the threads of the broken heart with me. The hermeneutic situation, as proposed by Heidegger, guided the proposed path around a methodical approach to the hermeneutic phenomenological method: in the reconstruction of the points of view in the tradition that cross the phenomenon questioned, in the deconstruction of these senses as a perspective, questioning the conditions of possibility of their apparitions in time, and in the construction of a new look, whose horizon is outlined in an existential dimension. Four adults who experienced the dissolution of loving coexistence and who declared that this dissolution was accompanied by suffering were interviewed. I arrived at these collaborators intentionally by psychotherapists indication who had been attending them for at least three months. On three occasions, I resorted to the online synchronous interview, while the last meeting was held in person. I used narrative interview as a research instrument as an unstructured resource to collect narratives. Such narratives were understood in the manner of Walter Benjamin, inspired by the text The Narrator. The field diary, as a resource for the recording of the event, was also a resource used, based on a new designation that better corresponds to the historical-hermeneutic character and unpredictability of phenomenological research: the logbook. The narratives in the interviews with the collaborators were understood in the light of heideggerian assumptions and inspired by the hermeneutic possibilities of understanding in Gadamer. It was possible to understand that such sufferings constitute a passage as a transition in which the collaborators, in the face of the forced and imposed rearrangements by the irruption of the new existential fabric that are presented around the rupture, are taken by very specific affective tones and that the hermeneutic situation helps to understand them in the narrated experiences. This passage in which modes of space-time-body organization of employees also present themselves in very specific ways and, therefore, escape any alleged attempt at theorization or universalization. It was also possible to consider the horizon of a clinic that intervenes and is, at the same time, questioned by the human condition of the patient, as it is shown in the narrative of his suffering. A clinic by virtue of which the clinician, in sustaining a radical availability to the relationship, follows the hermeneutic situation of the patient as a possibility of desrijecimento of the propeties of tradition that are welcomed by him and which, therefore, determine his ways of being and suffering. Therefore, not a clinic previously postulated specifically for mourning situations, but a clinic that, born from the emergency conditions of the therapeutic encounter, is revealed in the same way that emanates from it.