Impactos da adoção das International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) nos indicadores econômico-financeiros de instituições financeiras brasileiras

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the impacts of the adoption of international standards in economic and financial indicators of Brazilian financial institutions, through the solvency indicators, capital structure and funding, and profitability. Replied to the international study of Miranda (2008), in which economic and financial indicators were calculated for banks in some countries of the European Union. Another study with significant influence was Farias et al.(2014). The sample consisted of nineteen financial institutions listed on the BM&FBovespa and the Caixa Econômica Federal. Financial reporting, preferably were taken from the web page BM&FBovespa, in 2009 in BR GAAP format and in 2010 the 2009 restatement under IFRS. To verify the impact of international standards, analyzes were performed by comparing the averages of each economic and financial indicators, calculated in both accounting standards. The results returned by Mann Whitney test indicate that there is no significant difference between the means of economic and financial indicators of financial institutions calculated in BR GAAP and IFRS. The result of the study differs from Miranda’s finding (2008) in which significant differences were identified for some indicators and countries. However it was observed by varying: the averages for the economic and financial voluntary fitting indicators, immediate liquidity, leverage and return on equity, that the average of the results was higher in BR GAAP format, while that for participation in loans, loans / deposits and savings, the highest means were found in IFRS. The main concepts reflecting changes at economic and financial indicators were: the new cash equivalents classification, measurement of impairment of loans and derivatives, less allowance for doubtful accounts, the idea of fair value and changes as to the non-controlling shareholders. Although not statistically significant changes were found, the loan portfolio grew due to the application of IAS 39, which defers the which defers the recognition of lost assets, so the IFRS apparently increased financial institutions’ conservatism, also when considering the reduction of deposits and interbank investments. But from the perspective of the loan portfolio provisions they were less conservative, providing better results.