Description
As immigrant contributions to the U.S. economy and society are debated, female
migrants continue to increase their number in the U.S. work force. Little is known
about the economic experiences of undocumented female Mexican migrants in the
United States. Do women in traditional migrant destinations fare better than those
in new destination cities, as has been shown for males? Does a strong social network
positively impact earnings and participation in economic life? This study explores
these questions with data collected at Mexican consulates in seven U.S. cities during
2004 and 2005 by Pew Hispanic Center field researchers. Controlling for education
level and English fluency, social network and destination are examined for their
effects on earnings and economic integration. The effects of social network on
economic outcomes are also examined separately in new and traditional destinations.
Evidence of the effect of education, English, social network, and destination on
earnings and economic integration is consistent with previous findings for males,
but nuances are found for this sample of female migrants that contributes to the
literature. Experiences differ by destination with women in traditional migrant
destination cities experiencing greater economic integration. Findings provide a rare
glimpse into the economic experiences of undocumented female migrants in the
U.S. Further research examining these factors after the recession and after increased
deportations and anti-immigrant state and local ordinances is recommended.
