A nau das crianças-problema : entre a patologização do sofrimento psíquico na infância e a ética do cuidado na psicanálise

Abstract

The 'troubled-kids', who are seen as an expression of the contemporary malaise, appear as a representation of the allegory intended to place children's difficulties in our times. In this work, the result of theoretical research, we aim to problematize, from the analysis of the psychoanalytic concepts of psychological distress and disease, the pathology in the psyche suffering of children, in order to promote the building of clinical work marked by the ethics of care in psychoanalysis. Starting from the assumption that an overlap of these concepts would be in dialectical relation to the experiences of medicalization of life, we analyze how the infant psychopathology have been organized and what theoretical and clinical consequences result from it. To this end, we revisit the notion of childhood and child psychoanalysis, discussing the fundamental operations of the psychic constitution, as well as forms of subjective production that mark the childhood of the 21st century. In order to understand what has fittingly been called the best children, questioning the notion of normality in childhood, reflecting on the distinction between normative order and normality, health and disease, adequacy and submission to life. Finally, we present the ethics of care in psychoanalysis as an alternative to the challenges of the clinical child, arguing that it is necessary to break this logic of pathologizing of the psyche suffering of children, against the distinction between suffering and sick. We also highlight the importance of valuing the expression of a healthy lifestyle among children, from a creative appropriation of themselves and the world.