A relação entre família e problemas de aprendizagem: o que pensam os psicólogos e pedagogos?

Abstract

This aim of this research was to investigate as psychologists and educators, acting in psychopedagogy at consulting office, understand the children learning problems of reading and writing and as they see the role family plays in the construction of these problems. To reach that objective a qualitative methodology was used, having as instrument a semi-structuralized protocol and individualized interview, applied to three psychologists and three educators with formation and performance in clinical psychopedagogy. The content of each interview was analyzed on the basis of the psychoanalytic theory and psychopedagogical studies. Afterwards, a general analysis of all the interviews was proceeded. It was verified that for the interviewed professionals, the learning problems, including those of reading and writing, are a complex phenomenon that involves sociocultural, pedagogical, cognitive and psychodynamics aspects amongst the causes to be treated. However, questions of the familiar dynamics had been unanimously pointed as one of the main sources of problems in the learning, mainly the great dependence of the child in relation to the mother and the peripheral participation of the father in the process of pertaining to school learning of the children. Moreover, sociocultural questions stress a current trend of the parents in delegating the educators and psychologists the cares with the learning of the children. The knowledge of the forms of family functioning, inside of its culture and in each stage of its cycle of life, can contribute for the therapeutic follow up of the child and the familiar group