Do large oil spills have effects on labor outcomes? The Peruvian case (Capítulo)

Abstract

This study analyzes the labor market impacts of four major oil spills from the Northern Peruvian Pipeline between 2011 and 2017. Using a difference-in-differences methodology, the authors examine immediate labor outcomes, including wages and employment in traditional rural activities. The findings indicate that while individuals near affected areas earn slightly more per hour, they are significantly less likely to continue working in traditional farming, hunting, or fishing. The study suggests that cleanup efforts trigger a temporary "recovery boom" in non-primary sectors, but environmental damage permanently disrupts traditional livelihoods, forcing economic shifts among vulnerable rural populations.

La investigación examina las consecuencias laborales de cuatro grandes derrames de petróleo ocurridos en el Oleoducto Norperuano entre 2011 y 2016. Aplicando un análisis de diferencias en diferencias sobre datos de hogares rurales, el estudio revela un desplazamiento ocupacional: ante la contaminación del hábitat, disminuyen las actividades tradicionales (caza y pesca) y aumenta el ingreso salarial temporal debido a labores de limpieza o empleo en minería y servicios. Las autoras advierten que estos cambios no garantizan un bienestar sostenible para los hogares más vulnerables.