O olhar e o cinema: filosofia com crianças na escola e exercícios de subjetivação

Abstract

Philosophy as well as the philosophical exercise at school are constantly linked to a tradition that traces back the search for concepts that establish knowledges and truths. This conception is mainly linked to modernity, a time when thinking and knowledge produced from this thinking tend to rationalization and universalization. In this context, philosophize started being identified as a rational exercise, disconnected, somewhat from other possibilities of the construction of subjectivation, like look and image. Besides, despite the last century being strongly linked to images, as the ones produced by cinema, philosophy and school yet tended to think and experience them as entertainment. An arche-genealogy of the look was carried out in order to problematize such issues, as well as an entire question upon the contemporary school and the relation with image and the construction of look. From that, we aimed at experience the possibility of exercising philosophy with children in the composition with cinema. Therefore, this research aims at thinking the implication of the look formation in a Philosophy classroom, when it comes to the formation of the subjectivation manners. This main goal unfolds in the following specific ones: to problematize the meanings of selfcare in the construction of subjectivation, to think about the emergency of image as a strength in the contemporary education and recognize the contributions of philosophy programs and projects with children in the education for their selfcare. The methodology proposed was inspired by the genealogy of subjectivation from the writing records of Nietzsche and Foucault, by means of workshops experimentations which proposed the conversation between philosophy and cinema with students from the 9th year of the Elementary School of a private school in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre. From the experimentation carried out, the research points out the importance of the look formation in the constitution of thinking and subjectivation in the perspective of selfcare. Besides that, the image in the contemporaneity can be thought as an important possibility fo education in the comprehension and problematization in the practices in which emerge the constitution of subjectivation. They also point at the significant contribution of philosophize with children at school as a trigger to the their selfcare within this context. We conclude that the exercise of the look in the philosophy with children at school in conversation with other possibilities of reading and writing, such as cinema, highly contribute to the opening of the critical thinking exercise and to the opportunity of each one thinking about himself in different ways.